Monday, January 9, 2012

QTP : Fundamentals

Test Automation means automating Manual execution of test cases for enhancing speed and reliability.
Automation Testing is nothing but simulation of Manual Actions using a software like QTP or selenium.
Some Benefits of Automated Testing are that It is Fast, Reliable, Repeatable, Programmable and Reusable.
If you have to run a set of tests repeatedly, automation is a huge win for you, It gives you the ability to run
automation against code that frequently changes to catch regression in a timely manner.

INTRODUCTION TO QTP


QuickTest Professional often referred to as QTP is a functional automation tool created by HP that allows the automation of user actions on a web or desktop computer application. It is primarily used for functional regression test automation. QTP uses scripting language built on top of VBScript to specify the test procedure, and to manipulate the objects and controls of the Application Under Test (AUT).


FEATURES OF QTP
  • Record and Playback for Quick and Easy script identification.
  • Object Identification mechanism using Normal and Smart Identification.
  • Runtime Check of Application objects and Data using various check points.
  • Data driven testing features like Data Table,Action Parametrization.
  • Runtime capturing using Output Values.
  • Error Handling through Recovery scenario mechanism.
  • Easy and Effective programming using VBScript in Expert view.
  • Good Support for Microsoft Object Model like Excel, MS Word,Outlook.
  • Result Management in the form of an XML Tree.
 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:

 Please visit this link to check the system requirements for installing the latest version.

DOWNLOAD & INSTALLATION

(1) Go to following Link to download HP Functional Test (QTP) version 11.0. At the download link,you
      will be asked to enter user id & password. As a first time user, you will need to register on the site.
(2) After you sign - in, Accept the terms and conditions.
(3) You will be taken to download center and be given the link to download QTP DVD. File is 3.6GB in
      size and may take some time depending upon your Internet connection speed. It is advisable to use a
      download manager for this purpose. (4) Once download is complete, unzip the soft copy and double
      click on the setup icon to start installing. You will need an ISO software like Virtual Clone to mount it.
(5) In the installation Wizard .Select Option – Quick Test Professional Setup. You will be then asked to
     Accept the License Agreement , Enter Name/Company information and select the ADD-IN you want to
     install. Follow the steps shown below--

(a) Click on QuickTest Professional Setup.
(b)Select " I Agree ",Click on Next

(c)Fill Name and Organization, Click on Next.

d)Add Custom Add-IN else Click on Next.

 (e) Select installation folder or Click on Next to use Default.

 (f)Deselect Run License Installation Wizard and Click on Run.


(g)If this Dialog box appears then Click on "Continue" to run QTP.




 Supported Browsers
  • Internet Explorer
  • Mozilla Firefox
  • Google Chrome (QTP 11)

Automation Process in QTP
Testing process in QTP involves the following six main stages:



1)Understanding the application: Understanding the application involves determining the required add-ins like web, .Net, Java, based on the environment in which the application is developed.Also understanding the functionality of the application and analyze how to create small, easier and modular scripts.

2)Planning and Tool Selection: In this phase the planning team which is generally comprised of Client,Test Manager and Automation Lead, decide on the automation test planning.Once the automation plan is set up, the next phase is to decide which tool to pick up from the market.Various factors such as cost of the tool, compatibility of the tool with the application and skilled people required,etc are considered to decide on the tool.

3)Create Test Script: In this step test scripts are generated. Scripts are constituted of steps where each step is one operation that is performed on the application. This step can be added in an action in two ways either by entering the keywords in keyword view or programming a line of VBScript in expert view.

4)Enhance Test Script: The basic scripts generated in stage 3 can further be modified using features of QTP such as checkpoints, output values, parametrization and synchronization.

5)Run Test Script:When the script is executed , each step performs one operation on the application, If the script fails or any modification is required, we can loop back to the relevant stage as shown in the figure above.

6)Result Analysis: After the scripts are executed, results are displayed on the test result window. Results window is analysed by viewing either summary or detailed report.


QTP GUI
Lets have a look at various tabs and menu items available in QTP window and their significance.The first time you start QTP, the Add-in manager dialog box opens as shown in the figure below, displaying the currently installed add-ins.Select the add-ins that have to be loaded. After selecting the required add-in, click OK. QTP window open up displaying the start page and a blank test. To access a blank test,click the Test tab. 


  • Document Area:The document area of the QTP window can display the following-

    •  Test: Enables you to create, view, and modify your test in the Keyword View or Expert view.

      Keyword View: Contains each step, and displays the object hierarchy, in a modular, icon-based table. 

      Expert View: Contains each step as a VBScript line. In object-based steps, the VBScript line defines the object hierarchy.

  • Start Page. Welcomes you to QTP and provides links to Process Guidance. You can use the shortcut buttons to open new and existing documents.
  • Document tabs. Enables you to navigate open documents in the document area by selecting the tab of the document you want to activate (bring into focus).


    Toolbars and Menus
    In addition to the document area, the QTP window contains the following key elements:
  • QTP title bar. Displays the name of the active document. If changes have been made since it was last saved, an asterisk (*) is displayed next to the document name in the title bar.
  • Menu bar. Displays menus of QTP commands.
                
  • Standard toolbar. Contains buttons to assist you in managing your testing documents.

  • Automation toolbar. Contains buttons to assist you in running and analyzing your test.
  • Debug toolbar. Contains buttons to assist you in debugging tests.
       
  • Edit toolbar. Contains buttons to assist you in editing your test steps.

                
  • Insert toolbar. Contains buttons to assist you in inserting steps, actions, checkpoints, and output values into your test.


                        
  • View toolbar. Contains buttons to view the various panes that can assist you in the testing process.
     
        
    •  Tools toolbar. Contains buttons to assist you in setting options, checking syntax, and working with the Object Spy.
       
              
    •  Action toolbar. Contains buttons and a list of actions, enabling you to view the details of an individual action or the entire test flow.

        










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               " The Good Life is one inspired by Love and guided  by Knowledge."



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